Knowing Physical Geography  and  Whether Information :
 

Physical Geography is a sub-sortout of two much larger fields of study - Geography and Earth Sciences. The main purpose of Physical Geography is to find out the spatial characteristics of the various natural phenomena associated with the Earth's hydrosphere, biosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere
 

 
Natural Sources: (80 % of total radiation )

• Radioactive material (uranium and the decay products of uranium, such as thorium, radium, and radon)

• Human Body (All people also have radioactive isotopes, such as potassium-40 and carbon-14, inside their bodies,

·         Building materials

·         Natural resources (mainly due to Sun  & space radiation)

Man Made  (20% of total radiation )

·         Nuclear power production

·         Fallout from atomic bombs,

·         Medical Industrial radiographers with exposure from x-ray generators and radioactive

·         Consumer product (mostly due to TV)

Non Radio -active  Energy Sources on Earth 

Fossil fuels (formed by natural resources such as anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms )

·         Hydropower

·         Biomass and bio fuels

·         Wind power

·         Solar power

·         Geothermal

 Energy Sink and Sources  in Universe 

1)      Absorption

Calculations :

By comparing the both figure  2 & 3

The difference in temp  = 1.4^o C

By comparing the both figure  2 & 3

The difference in CO2 concentration  = 98 ppm

• The amounts of CO2 emitted by manmade sources i.e factories and other industrial sources. Human activities is adding CO2 to the atmosphere at a rate roughly comparable to the natural geochemical processes that emitted or absorbed the gas.

The  other added gas are not much compared with the volume of CO2 already in the atmosphere and the CO2 released from the burning of coal in the year increasing the level by scarcely a thousandth part. But the additions might matter if they continued long enough. By recent calculations, the total amount of carbon laid up in coal and other fossil deposits that humanity can readily get at and burn is some ten times greater than the total amount in the atmosphere. So the next CO2 change is an increase. The temperatures and CO₂ concentrations have been correlated but we know for sure that the temperature was the cause 

from the figure it s clear that  largest temp diff is  = -8.67 ^oC

iii)                 Slop of the  line  =  [0-(- 9.1)] /(55-219)   = 0.0555 deg/ W/m²

E  =  212 W/m²   for   temp diff  = -8.67 ^oC

iv)                  Ratio  =  Energy  at  -8.67 ^oC / Energy  at 0 ^oC

=  212/55 *100  = 385.45  %

•    Human activities is adding CO₂ to the atmosphere at a rate roughly comparable to the natural geochemical processes that emitted or absorbed the gas. By recent calculations, the total amount of carbon laid up in coal and other fossil deposits that humanity can readily get at and burn is some ten times greater than the total amount in the atmosphere. So the next CO₂ change is an increase. Which will increase the Energy reflected from the surface of earth and  Energy is somehow related with Temperatures, which  lead to increase the  atmosphere temp due to green house effect.

i)                     After Replacing   Solar Costant  from  1367 à 1365  we got the resulting

temp diff  = -0.1 ^oC

ii)                  CO₂ change is an increase. Which will increase the Energy reflected from the surface of earth and  Energy is somehow related with Temperatures, which  lead to increase the  atmosphere temp due to green house effect. By recent calculations, the total amount of carbon laid up in coal and other fossil deposits that humanity can readily get at and burn is some ten times greater than the total amount in the atmosphere.

iii)                 Calculation done on Spreadsheet for  all Steps 1,2,3 & 4  as well overall changes in  %

v)                  From the calculations it is clear that over 30 years   over all   Solar Irradiance has volatile during year and over all decreasing trends reached to 1365 W/m² in 2010

And  the variation in solar constant is more or less having same trend as Solar Irradiance and hence we can say that they are directly related to each other

 Station: Toronto, ON, Canada , Latitude: 43.7°, Longitude: -79.4° , Altitude: 112.5 m

Average  Temp of Toronto :

=  (-4.2 -3.2 +1.3 +7.6+14.2 +19.2 + 22.2 + 21.3 +17 +10.6+4.8 -0.9)/12

= 9.16 ^oC

Coldest Avg Temp  =  -4.2 ^oC

Hottest Avg Temp: =  22.2 ^oC

Hence   Whether of Toronto is (Continental/microthermal/ Hot Summer Continental climates ) (Dfa Climate)

Cause climates have an average temperature above 22 °C (50 °F) in their hotest months. Coldest month average  came  around  −3 °C

 ii) Agv Year Temp  = 2+ 9.16  = 11.16^oC

Coldest Avg Temp  =  2 -4.2  = -2.2 ^oC

Hottest Avg Temp: = 2+22.2 = 24.2  ( >22) ^oC

 Hence   Whether of Toronto Remain (Continental/microthermal/ Hot Summer Continental climates ) (Dfa Climate)  with increase in avg  month temperature by 2^oC  in every month

we study under the Geography Chapters

• Maps , Remote sensing and GIS
• The Science of physical Geography
• Introduction to systems theory
• The universe earth , natural spheres
• Energy and Matter
• Introduction to the atmosphere
• Introduction to the Hydrosphere
• Introduction to the Biosphere
• Introduction to the Lithosphere

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